The Small Business Innovation (or SBIR ) program is a United States Government program, coordinated by the Small Business Administration, which is intended to help certain small businesses conduct research and development (R & ; D). Funding takes the form of contracts or grants. The recipient project must have potential for commercialization and should meet the requirements of the R & D of the U.S. Government.
The SBIR program was created to support scientific excellence and technological innovation through investing federal research funds in America's top priorities to building a strong national economy... one business at a time. In the words of program founder Roland Tibbetts: "to provide funding for some of the best initial stage innovation ideas - ideas that, however promising, are still too high risk for private investors, including venture capital firms." For SBIR program purposes, the term "small business" is defined as a nonprofit business with less than 500 employees, owned by one or more individuals, who are citizens, or foreign permanent residents. in the United States.
Funds were obtained by allocating a certain percentage of the total extramural (R & D) budget of 11 federal agencies with an extradural research budget of more than $ 100 million. Approximately $ 2.5 billion is provided through this program every year. The US Department of Defense (DoD) is the largest agency in the program with approximately $ 1 billion in SBIR grants annually. More than half of DoD awards are for companies with fewer than 25 people and one-third for companies less than 10. Fifths are minorities or businesses owned by women. Historically a quarter of companies receiving grants received them for the first time. In addition to the Department of Defense, there are also programs with the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation, the Department of Agriculture, and others.
Video Small Business Innovation Research
Structure
SBIR program agents provide monetary and/or grant contracts in phases I and II of the three-phase program:
- Phase I, the startup phase, makes the award "up to $ 150,000 for about 6 months of support [for] exploring the technical benefits or feasibility of an idea or technology."
- Second stage grant assistance "up to $ 1 million, over 2 years," to facilitate the expansion of Phase I results. The research and development work is carried out and the developer evaluates the potential for commercialization. Until 2014, Phase II grants are awarded exclusively for Phase I award winners but by 2014, DOD, NIH and Education are allowed to award "direct to Phase II" awards; NIH and DARPA (part of DOD) have an active application for this in Summer 2014.
- Stage III is meant as the time when innovation moves from laboratory to market. No additional SBIR auxiliary funds may be granted for Phase III. "Small companies should seek funding in the private sector or funding other non-SBIR federal agencies."
The Company has intellectual property and all commercialization rights. Companies such as Symantec, Qualcomm, Da Vinci Surgical Systems, Jawbone, Lift Labs, Natel Energy and iRobot receive very important initial funding from the program.
Maps Small Business Innovation Research
Participating agencies
Every Federal agency with an amazing budget for R & D more than $ 100,000,000 must participate in the SBIR Program and reserve at least 3.2% of the budget in fiscal year 2017 and every fiscal year after. The Federal Agent may exceed this minimum percentage. In 2010, the SBIR program at 11 federal agencies provided over $ 2 Billion in grants and contracts for small US businesses to research in innovations leading to commercialization.
Beginning in February 2018, the SBIR program is at the following institutions:
- Department of Agriculture (National Institute of Agriculture and Food)
- Department of Commerce
- National Institute of Standards and Technology
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
- Department of Defense (divided into 13 components)
- Department of the Army
- Department of the Navy
- Department of the Air Force
- Chemical and Biological Defense
- Advanced Defense Research Agency
- Defense Health Agency
- Defense Logistics Agency
- Defense Microelectronics Activity
- Defense Threat Reduction Agency
- Missile Defense Agent
- National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
- Office of the Minister of Defense
- Custom Operations Commands
- Department of Education (Institute of Education)
- Department of Energy
- Department of Health and Human Services (National Institutes of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Food and Drug Administration)
- Department of Homeland Security (Directorate of Science and Technology, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office)
- Department of Transportation
- Environmental Protection Agency
- National Aviation and Space Agency
- National Science Foundation
Related programs
A similar program, the Small Business Technology Transfer Program (STTR), uses a similar approach to the SBIR program to expand public/private sector partnerships between small businesses and nonprofit US research institutions. The main difference between the SBIR and STTR programs is that the STTR program requires the company to have a partnership research institute that must be provided at least 30% of the total grant. In 2014, federal agencies with an external R & D budget of more than $ 1 billion are required to fund the STTR programs using an annual allowance of 0.40%.
The Small Business Technology Council, a member board of the National Small Business Association, submits Tibbetts Awards every year "to small companies, projects, organizations and individuals who are rated as the best example of SBIR achievement."
Federal and State (CEPAT) is a mentoring program and state-based business assistance to assist small businesses in drafting SBIR proposals and contract management. More active in some countries than others.
History
The program was established with the enactment of the Law on the Development of Small Business Innovation in 1982 to provide federal research grants to small businesses. The SBIR program has four initial goals: to stimulate technological innovation; using small businesses to meet Federal research and development needs; to encourage and encourage participation by minorities and disadvantaged people in technological innovation; and to enhance the innovation of commercialization of the private sector derived from Federal research and development.
Programs must be periodically re-authorized by the United States Congress, but re-authorization is usually included in any new budget. This program was ratified via FY2017 by the 2012 Defense Authorization Act (P.L.112-81).
Rep. Mazie K. Hirono (D-HI) has proposed the SBIR Enhancement Act 2011 as HR 447 of the 112th Congress, raising funding for the SBIR by increasing the funding tax from the original 2.5% to 5%, increasing Phase 1 by $ 200,000 and provide economic adjustment every five years.
The minimum percentage of Hisotricls from their "extraordinary" budget for awards for small businesses is:
- 2.5% of the budget in each fiscal year 1997 to 2011;
- 2.6% of the budget in fiscal year 2012;
- 2.7% of the budget in fiscal year 2013;
- 2.8% of the budget in fiscal year 2014;
- 2.9% of the budget in fiscal year 2015;
- 3.0% of the budget in fiscal year 2016; and
- 3.2% of the budget in fiscal year 2017 and every fiscal year thereafter.
The Federal Agent may exceed this minimum percentage.
See also
- Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980
- Bayh-Dole Act
References
External links
- official SBIR/STTR website
- 15 United States Code 638 (The SBIR Law)
- Roland Tibbett's White Paper on SBIR Reauthorization
- SBTC-sponsored Tibbett Award Site
- Energetic Autonomous Tactical Robot (EATR)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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